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Ways of Teaching Thinking
Thinking through Dispositions
Ways of Thinking Contents

Practical Profile of Thinking through Dispositions

General Goals and Expectations

Thinking dispositions can be thought of as intellectual patterns of behavior exhibited consistently over time. Of course, students exhibit both positive and negative thinking dispositions when it comes to understanding in class. Attending to thinking dispositions through instruction involves cultivating the positive dispositions that deepen understanding and minimizing the negative dispositions or thinking behaviors that inhibit deep understanding.

Good Uses

  • To introduce and infuse a wide range of thinking skills into the curriculum
  • To encourage students to become reflective, self-regulated learners
  • To give students a way to activate knowledge
  • To attend to the affective side of good thinking (e.g. students' habits of mind, attitudes, values about learning and thinking

Age Range

Works well for elementary ages and up. Special attention needs to be given at K-5 levels. K-5, students often do not have a clear sense of what good thinking "looks" like in action. Teachers should provide lots of pro-thinking models and direct explanation for this age group.

Subject Matters

All subject matters.

Materials Needed

No special materials needed. Teachers will need simple, everyday classroom materials.

Preparation Time Needed

Teachers will need to familiarize themselves with the three components of a thinking disposition (sensitivity, inclination, & ability). The key to cultivating students' thinking dispositions is to figure out how to consistently attend to the three components in the lessons you create across the curriculum. Once familiar with the concepts, very little preparation time is necessary.

Classtime Needed

One dispositions-centered lesson could take anywhere from 5 to 50 minutes, to a few days or weeks depending upon how long and how deeply teachers and students decide to explore and cultivate a particular thinking dispositions. (e.g. seeking and evaluating reasons & evidence supporting the design of a science project)

Homework Uses

Unlimted. Finding ways for students to connect and/or apply the dispositions cultivated in class to homework can provide rich and diverse learning opportunities.

Workability

Thinking dispositions fits easily into the regular classroom curriculum. It is highly workable and helps cultivate a process-oriented approach to learning and understanding.

 

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© Al Andrade, Harvard Project Zero, 1999
The Thinking Classroom is based on the collective research
and ideas of the Cognitive Skills Group, Harvard Project Zero, 1999

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